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What are the differences between 403 and 304 stainless steel?

Published Time:

2025-05-06

The main differences between 304 and 403 stainless steel lie in their corrosion resistance and hardness. 304 stainless steel offers better corrosion resistance and toughness, making it suitable for food processing, medical devices, and similar applications; while 403 stainless steel boasts higher hardness and strength, making it ideal for knives, bearings, and other such uses.

Specific differences are as follows:

Different microstructure: 304 is austenitic stainless steel, with good toughness and strong corrosion resistance; 403 is martensitic stainless steel, with high hardness and strength.

Corrosion resistance: 304 stainless steel contains a higher proportion of nickel and chromium, resulting in superior corrosion resistance and stability in humid or high-acidity/alkalinity environments. While 403 stainless steel also exhibits some corrosion resistance, it may be slightly inferior to 304 in certain specific media.

Workability: 304 stainless steel is easier to process, whether cutting, welding, or forming. 403 stainless steel, however, tends to work-harden during processing, requiring more skill and attention.

Application fields: Due to the above differences, the two also differ in their application fields. 304 is widely used in chemical, food, and pharmaceutical industries; while 403 finds more applications in automotive, medical equipment, and kitchenware industries.

A brief analysis of the stainless steel tableware and kitchenware market

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